Stephen Cranes The Open Boat Essay -- Stephen Crane Open Boat Essays

3 Steps to Acing Your Upcoming Group Interview You’ve been approached in for a board meet. Perhaps you’re threatened. Perhaps frightened. Possibly you’re not even sure you comprehend what that really involves. Whatever your degree of fear, here are three simple strides to traversing your board meet tranquilly and in one piece. Stage 1: BEFOREYou reserve the privilege to ask who will be on your board. Do this. At that point inquire about each board part as well as could be expected. You’ll have the option to make sense of a considerable amount and get ready better for what each may be generally quick to ask you. What does this specific gathering of individuals educate you regarding what the organization is attempting to assess?You can likewise ask to what extent (generally) the meeting should last. This will give you a nice sentiment for what amount to and fro conversation will be conceivable, how much space you’ll be given to pose inquiries, to what extent your answers can be, etc.Step 2: DURING Treat every individual on the board like an individual not simply one more anonymous face. This isn't an indifferent divider asking you inquiries. Every questioner on your board is another chance to make a human association and persuade that a lot more individuals in the organization what an extraordinary fit you would be.Be sure to observe everybody’s name as they are presented. Record every one if that causes you recall. When responding to questions, talk straightforwardly to the person who asked, yet then attempt to widen your answer out to cause the remainder of the board to feel remembered for the discussion.Step 3: AFTERYou’ve took in their names and put forth an attempt to interface with each board part presently thank every single one of them earnestly withâ solid eye to eye connection and a quality handshake. From that point forward, it’s the typical post-meet follow-up methodology. Be that as it may, recall that you have to keep in touch with one card to say thanks for each board part. It appears to be a torment, however it’s these little contacts that will help set you apart.The board talk with: 6 hints for previously, during, and after

Food and Beverage Control System

Research center MANUAL Food and Beverage Control System Laboratory Activity No. ___ MAKING A SALES FORECAST Objectives: * To have the option to know the future deals of the café * | Materials to be utilized: Paper Pen Calculator Procedures: 1. Peruse and break down the expressed suppositions. 2. Flexibly the information required for the rate increment for the gauge 2013. 3. To get the anticipated genuine spreads, duplicate the absolute spreads for every long stretch of 2012 to the expected rate increment. 4.To get the estimated normal check, duplicate the normal check for every long stretch of 2012 to the accepted rate increment. 5. At that point, get the business conjecture for 2013 by increasing the determined all out spreads to the guage normal check. Directions: Make a 2013 deals gauge for KSP Bar and Grill utilizing the accompanying information and suspicions. KSP Bar and Grill, a food outlet with 200 seating limit, produced the accompanying income in the year 2012. Make a busi ness estimate for year 2013, chipping away at the accompanying presumptions: 1.There is a normal 50% (half) increment of support in the long stretch of February in light of the fact that the food outlet will come out with exceptional advancements on Valentine’s Day (February 14) and Chinese Year (likewise in the period of February). For November 2013, the anticipated increment in covers is 40% and half constantly of December. 2. With better items, escalated advancements and improved administrations, 20% expansion in covers for 2013 is normal. 3. In view of the overhauled menus, costs will increment by 18% for 2013. | SALES 2012|Months| Total Covers| Average Check| Total F&B Revenue| January| 13,020| P 247. 25| P 3,219,195| February| 19,500| P 253| P 4,933,500| March| 17,250| P 250. 70| P 4,324,575| April| 12,840| P 258. 75| P 3,322,350| May| 12,000| P 255. 30| P 3,063,600| June| 9,600| P 224. 25| P 2,152,800| July| 9,000| P 227. 70| P 2,049,300| August| 7,200| P 224. 25| P 1,614,600| September| 12,960| P 232. 30| P 3,010,608| October| 13,440| P 242. 20| P 3,523,968| November| 14,640| P 270. 25| P 3,956,460| December| 20,250| P 276| P 5,589,000| | P 40,759,956| SALES 2013| Covers| Average Check| Sales in Pesos| Month| % increase| Quantity| % increase| Amount in pesos| | January| | February| | March| | April| | May| | June| | July| | August| | September| | October| | November| | December| | Laboratory Activity No. _______ PREPARING A BUDGET WORKSHEET Objectives:| Materials to be utilized: Pen Paper Calculator Procedures: 1. Peruse and investigate the issue. 2. Gracefully the information required on income for the business dispersion. 3.Divide the income of food deals and refreshment deals by the absolute deals to get the proportion of deals over gross deals. 4. Flexibly the information required on cost proportion to deals on spending dissemination. 5. Increase the income of food deals and drink deals by the cost proportion to deals to get the financia l plan required. 6. Flexibly the information required on cost proportion to deals on spending distribution from the given information. 7. Duplicate the absolute deals by the cost proportion to deals to get the spending plan required for the breakdown of spending designation. Set up a spending worksheet for KSP Coffee Shop for the long stretch of August.Assume a business conjecture of P2,890,000 with P890,000 refreshment deals and P2,000,000 food deals. Utilize 38% cost proportion to deals for food cost and 20% cost proportion to deals for drink cost. Utilize the accompanying spending designation: Food/Beverage (Cost of Sales) â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€ 35% Labor cost and representative advantages â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€ 20% Direct working costs â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€ 4 % Utilities â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€à ¢â‚¬Ã¢â‚¬Ã¢â‚¬Ã¢â‚¬Ã¢â‚¬ 5% Rental/Amortization â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€ % Advertising â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€- 1 % Repairs and Maintenance â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€ 1% Taxes â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€ 1% Insurance â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€- 2% Depreciation cost â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€ 2% Administrative/General costs â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€ 3 % Profit â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€ 18% Total â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€à ¢â‚¬Ã¢â‚¬Ã¢â‚¬Ã¢â‚¬Ã¢â‚¬Ã¢â‚¬Ã¢â‚¬- 100%BUDGET WORKSHEET SALES DISTRIBUTION| Source| Revenue| Ratio of Sales Over Gross Sales| Food Sales| | Beverage Sales| | Total Sales| | BUDGET DISTRIBUTION| Budget Items| Budget in Pesos| (Cost Ratio to Sales)| A. Food Cost| | B. Refreshment Cost| | BREAKDOWN OF BUDGET ALLOCATION| 1. Cost of deals (consolidated food and beverage)| | 2. Work cost and representative benefits| | 3. Direct Operating Expenses (supplies, materials, and so forth )| 4. Rental| | 5. Authoritative expenses| | 6. Amortization for loan| | 7. Utilities| | . Fixes and Maintenance| | 9. Insurance| | 10. Depreciation| | 11. Others †advertisements, etc| | Total Budget for Expenses| | Profit| | Total| | Laboratory Activity No. ________ RECIPE COSTING AND PRICE DETERMINATION Objectives:| Materials to be utilized: Pen Paper Calculator Procedures: The formula demonstrates the accompanying elements for the planning of the dish RIB ROAST ROYALEYield: 4 segments Ingredients: 450 g rams cut US prime rib2 pieces prepared potatoes 200 grams new spread (1 block)2 pieces supper moves 0 grams chives2 partitions margarine 15 grams tarragon leaves2 parcels packaged 40 grams parsley40 grams salt Price show: US prime ribP460. 00 Magnolia new spread (1 block)P 24. 00 Refined salt (kilo)P 30. 00 Buttered vegetables (portion)P 4. 00 Chives(kilo)P 30. 00 Portion spread (piece)P 5. 90 Tarragon leaves (container of 10 grams)P 25. 00 Parsley (kilo)P 85. 00 Recipe cost: Baked potatoesP 5. 00 Rolls (piece)P 2. 00 Total expense and selling cost in the wake of getting saleable weight | Standard Yield| Adjusted Yield| Items| Unit/Size (UOM)| Portion/Size| Unit Cost| Portion/Size| Cost| US prime rib| | new butter| | chives| | tarragon leaves| | parsley| | prepared potatoes| | supper rolls| | butter| | Buttered vegetables| | salt| | Total| | Buffer edge (10%)| | Cost/serving| | Selling price| | Food Cost %| |

Nursing College Application Essay Samples - Where to Find Essay Examples?

Nursing College Application Essay Samples - Where to Find Essay Examples?In the event that you are planning to seek a nursing degree, you would need to submit a nursing college application essay. It is essential that you give the right information and qualifications in your essay, but it is also important that you prepare it well. There are many online sites which provide nursing college application essay samples and these contain some useful tips and information that you will be able to use.The first thing you should do is to decide on what topic you would like to write about in your college application essay. You will not want to overlook a particular area because it will affect your chances of success in terms of getting into a good nursing college. Try to choose a topic that will interest you and talk about how this subject interests you. Also, think about whether you want to write about your hopes or your dreams.Next, you will need to analyze your writing style. If you have neve r written before, you will need to learn how to do it well. Many of the online nursing college application essay samples include certain writing styles which are effective and which you will be able to use.Lastly, the most important thing that you need to do when writing a college application essay is to make sure that it does not contain any grammatical errors. You will be able to get yourself in trouble if you do not use correct grammar.These online sites which provide college application essay samples include instructions on how to proofread the essay so that you know how to make it more accurate. Also, you need to be sure that you do not waste paper space by using a wrong number of spaces and other things. The best part about this is that you do not have to hire an editor who will take too much time and effort from you.There are many online nursing college application essay samples that offer an excellent variety of essays. All you have to do is to check out which one suits you the best.Now that you have a list of good and effective ways to help you write a college application essay, it is time for you to start. Take some time and choose a topic to which you can really talk.

Violent Video Games Do NOT Contribute to Youth Violence...

Although violent video games are thought to encourage real world violence, they actually help to prevent it. I am focusing on violent video games and how they affect juveniles because I feel that this issue needs to be looked at in the criminal justice community. It is an unnecessary distraction to blame the actions of a disturbed youth on a form of entertainment that has been used by millions of people without incident. A review article published in The Psychiatric Quarterly found that many studies which claim to indicate an increase in aggression due to video games are, in fact, biased! Once the bias is taken into account, the studies no longer find any correlation between youths who play violent video games and youths who†¦show more content†¦In their research of violent videogames and the effect on children, they have found that â€Å"the simplistic belief that exposure to media violence will lead directly to individual violence is clearly wrong.† (Kutner, Olsen, 2008) I am going to ask you to look deeper than this. I assert that although violent video games are thought to encourage real world violence, they actually help to prevent it. Level 1: What Games Can Do For You Video game violence does not cause youth violence and in fact may help to curb this violence. Violent video games have never been proven to cause youth violence. One of the most looked at franchises in video game history is Grand Theft Auto (GTA). However, since GTA hit the scene in a big way in 2001, youth violent crime has actually decreased! (Snyder, Sickmund, 2006) By 2003 the GTA franchise had already sold 22 million copies worldwide since the release of GTA III in 2001. (Take-Two Interactive, 2004) GTA games have violence, prostitution, and offensive language. I believe that allowing adolescents to play these games works as a method of relaxation and release of stress. Teens and violence have gone hand in hand for years. In the 1990s youth violence hit an all time high. (Snyder, Sickmund, 2006) Since the release of GTA III we have seen a decrease in youth violence. I believe that the reason for this centers aroundShow MoreRelatedViolent Video Games and Their Effect on Children2 104 Words   |  9 PagesBrinker Professor Colbert English 128-03 7 April 2010 Violent Video Games and Their Effect on Children Ever since the creation of the first video game, they have had a certain effect on the individuals who play them. As video games have become more advanced and elaborate, children’s interest is at an all time high. With the degree of violence that has been a part of video games since the early 1990’s, parents and activists have claimed that these games are affecting children negatively. This claim onlyRead MoreEffect of Electronic Media on Children4822 Words   |  20 PagesIndia. Correspondence to: Munni Ray, Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatric Center, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160 012, India. munniray1@yahoo.com Radio, television (TV), movies, video games, cell phones, and computer networks have assumed central roles in our children’s daily lives. The media has demonstrated potentially profound effects, both positive and negative, on children’s cognitive, social, and behavioral development. ConsideringRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 PagesCongress Control Number: 2006933904 Student Edition: ISBN-13: 978-0-495-11873-2 ISBN-10: 0-495-11873-7 ââ€"   To my nephews, Jesse and Luke Smidt, who bet I wouldn’t put their names in this book. R. P. ââ€"   To my wife, Sally, and my daughter, Anna C. O. ââ€"   To Carol, Allie, and Teri. J. D. ââ€"   About the Authors puter Teacher of the Year award in 1988 and received the Siemens Award for Advanced Placement in mathematics in 1999. Chris is a frequent contributor to the AP Statistics ElectronicRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages1 Introduction What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Importance of Interpersonal Skills 4 What Managers Do 5 Management Functions 6 †¢ Management Roles 6 †¢ Management Skills 8 †¢ Effective versus Successful Managerial Activities 8 †¢ A Review of the Manager’s Job 9 Enter Organizational Behavior 10 Complementing Intuition with Systematic Study 11 Disciplines That Contribute to the OB Field 13 Psychology 14 †¢ Social Psychology 14 †¢ Sociology 14 †¢ Anthropology 14 There Are Few Absolutes inRead MoreOcd - Symptoms, Causes, Treatment131367 Words   |  526 Pagessettings, nor does purchase by an institution constitute a site license. This license does not grant the right to reproduce these materials for resale, redistribution, or any other purposes (including but not limited to books, pamphlets, articles, video- or audiotapes, and handouts of slides for lectures or workshops). Permission to reproduce these materials for these and other purposes must be obtained in writing from the Permission s Department of Guilford Publications. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-PublicationRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pagesthe truth is also that in Jamaica at that time the privileging of lighter-skinned people was standard practice. Rastas were confronting so many of these long-held notions and so were bound to face a great deal of resistance. What Edmonds manages to do here is offer us a way to appreciate the importance of Rastafarianism as a religious phenomenon that is consistent with much of what happens when religious groups and movements grow and develop. Indeed, there is a remarkable logic to the developmentRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pagesbetter study smarter save money From multiple study paths, to self-assessment, to a wealth of interactive visual and audio resources, WileyPLUS gives you everything you need to personalize the teaching and learning experience.  » F i n d o u t h ow t o M A K E I T YO U R S  » www.wileyplus.com ALL THE HELP, RESOURCES, AND PERSONAL SUPPORT YOU AND YOUR STUDENTS NEED! 2-Minute Tutorials and all of the resources you your students need to get started www.wileyplus.com/firstday Student supportRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesSolidarity Remembered Janis Appier, Policing Women: The Sexual Politics of Law Enforcement and the LAPD Allen Hunter, ed., Rethinking the Cold War Eric Foner, ed., The New American History. Revised and Expanded Edition E SSAYS ON _ T WENTIETH- C ENTURY H ISTORY Edited by Michael Adas for the American Historical Association TEMPLE UNIVERSITY PRESS PHILADELPHIA Temple University Press 1601 North Broad Street Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122 www.temple.edu/tempress Read MoreHuman Resources Management150900 Words   |  604 Pages Explain why HR professionals and operating managers must view HR management as an interface. Discuss why ethical issues and professionalism affect HR management as a career field. ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  3 HR TRANSITIONS HR Management Contributes to Organizational Success More effective management of human resources (HR) increasingly is being seen as positively affecting performance in organizations, both large and small. A joint venture between General Electric and a Japanese company,Read MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 PagesSwedish School of Economics and Business Administration, Finland This book makes it easier to understand the current stand of organization theory. I strongly recommend it to anyone seriously interested in the different intellectual traditions that contribute to our understanding of organizations. Professor Tomas Mà ¼llern, Jà ¶nkà ¶ping International Business School, Sweden . McAuley, Duberley and Johnson’s Organizational Theory takes you on a joyful ride through the developments of one of the great

Report on the Book “the Goal” by Eliyahu Goldratt and Jeff...

Report on the book â€Å"The Goal† by Eliyahu Goldratt and Jeff Cox I really enjoyed this book. It was easy to read and easy to comprehend. The examples used in the book make the main ideas of the book memorable and easy to understand. I loved how the authors described the thinking process of the main character, Alex, in a day to day every person’s situations. To me the main value of this book is that its main concepts are applicable to every business, not just manufacturing facilities. I work in marketing and I was surprised to gain knowledge that can help me in my job, specifically business-customer relationships. â€Å"The Goal† gave me a better understanding of how market operates in general. Below I described the summary of the book. The†¦show more content†¦Jonah explains to him that the first thing he has to do is to identify dependent events (â€Å"events in which the output of one event influences the input to another event†) and statistical fluctuations (â€Å"common cause variations in output quantity or quality†). Alex doesn’t understand what Jonah is talking about and how these two terms can be the problem if his plant, especially taking into consideration that the calculated efficiency of his plant is high. He doesn’t believe that these are the reason for late orders. The next day after returning home, Alex is taking his son and a class of Boy Scouts out on a hiking expedition. Here comes my favorite part of the book. One of the boys, Herbie, becomes a constraint because he slows down the whole group. While trying to manage the hiking and the boys Alex realizes that different average walking speed of the boys doesn’t compensate for itself. He tries to figure out why the speed differentiations accumulate and the group is continuously spreading out farther and farther, even when Herbie is putting in extra effort not to lag behind the group. Alex tries to apply two of the principles of the theory of constraints into the hiking trip and then he applies it as a comparison model for his manufacturing cycle. Now Alex sees clearly that the professor was right - that in a chain of dependent processes, statisticalShow MoreRelatedThe Goal : A Process Of Ongoing Improvement By Eliyahu M.goldratt And Jeff Cox1414 Words   |  6 Pages Book Report: The Goal Horane Williams MGMT 430: WB1 Sp.15 University of Baltimore Eliyahu M. Goldratt s The Goal: A Process of Ongoing Improvement by Eliyahu M.Goldratt and Jeff Cox has changed the way organizations do business and handle constraints. The Goal tells of a guy name Alex Rogo, whom is a supervisor at a production plant how he helps save his plant. At the beginning his plant was unproductive and faced a lot of constraints within. With his help, the plantRead MoreOperational Failures Occur Within Organizations Across All Industries Essay1553 Words   |  7 Pagesmachinery performing the task of carrying out the majority of daily task operating on a 24/7 basis. BACKGROUND TO THE PROBLEM AND ITS ORGINS Eliyahu M. Goldrath introduced an overall management philosophy, the theory of constraints (TOC) in his book titled The Goal in 1984. This was gear to direct organizations in the continuous flow of achieving their goal. The theory underlying premise is that organizations will be able to be measured and controlled by variations measured: operational expensesRead MoreThe Goal : A Process Of Ongoing Improvement By Eliyahu M. Goldratt And Jeff Cox2079 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction: I read the fictional book called, The goal: A process of ongoing improvement by Eliyahu M. Goldratt and Jeff cox. Goldratt has an extensive history of writing novels about business problems and their solutions. His list of work includes; The race, The haystack syndrome, What is This Thing Called Theory of Constraints and How Should it be Implemented?, It’s not luck, critical chain, and necessary but not sufficient. With his most recent work being in 2009 called Isn’t it obvious focusingRead MoreA Process Of Ongoing Improvement By Eliyahu Goldratt And Jeff Cox1601 Words   |  7 Pagesinitially received my copy of The Goal: A process of ongoing improvement by Eliyahu Goldratt and Jeff Cox, I assumed it would be your standard business book with dry statistics and nothing that would actually constitute as a story. I was pleasantly surprised that it was actually a well-developed story that kept me entertained and coincided with many point that were just being taught in our Supply Chain Management class (as I had finished the book relatively soon). The Goal covered both business standRead MoreThe Goal- Book Report2486 Words   |  10 PagesBook Report: The Goal This paper is a book report on the novel entitled The Goal written by Eliyahu Goldratt and Jeff Cox. The 40-chapter book is actually a business book written in the form of a novel that makes it interesting to read unlike other business textbook. As a novel, the book is entertaining but at the same time, very informative for management or accounting students as well as for the real-life company managers and CEOs who wanted to apply different managerial practicesRead MoreProject Managemant29326 Words   |  118 Pagesselection of project managers. Recall from Chapter 4, Project Scope Management, that strategic planning serves as the foundation for deciding which of several projects to pursue. The organization’s strategic plan expresses the vision, mission, goals, objectives, and strategies of the organization. It also provides the basis for information technology project planning. Information technology is usually a support function in an organization, so it is critical that the people initiating informationRead MoreIntroduction to Materials Management169665 Words   |  679 PagesAcquisitions Editor: Eric Krassow Editorial Assistant: Nancy Kesterson Production Editor: Louise N. Sette Production Supervision: GGS Book Services Design Coordinator: Diane Ernsberger Cover Designer: Jeff Vanik Production Manager: Deidra M. Schwartz Director of Marketing: David Gesell Marketing Manager: Jimmy Stephens Marketing Assistant: Alicia Dysert This book was set by GGS Book Services. It was printed and bound by R. R. Donnelley Sons Company. The cover was printed by Phoenix Color Corp. Copyright

Racism is attempt which has resulted free essay sample

Racism is attempt which has resulted to be a great problem in US. The skin color of one person changes how he/she is recognized by the entire society. It doesnt matter how much money a person has or how wealthy he is, if a person is black in America, it is tough for him in US. Racism has great impact on the education system of entire US. It has an intense effect on students of US. Racism takes place in direct forms such as teasing, excluding the involvement of black students in any type of activities and bullying .For instance, the black students are teased and abused verbally by the white students It also occurs in indirect forms through discriminatory attitudes. The students who are the victims of racism become scared of going to school because of abusive behaviors of their racist classmates. This creates a great problem to their academic performance in the context of assignments and examinations as they feel very fearful, troubled and sad. We will write a custom essay sample on Racism is attempt which has resulted or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They face trouble in making new friends. They refuse their own culture, traditions, identity and mother tongue due to fear of being discriminated by the bunch of racists. Racism in US causes negative impacts to the students from the very beginning since preschool to the higher level of education. According to an article titled Racial disparities persist in US schools, study finds from CNN, preschool-age black youth are suspended at 3.6 times the rate of white youth, and in kindergarten through 12th grade, black students were 3.8 times more likely to be suspended than their white peer (Budhia, 2017).This clearly shows the discriminatory attitudes towards black students. ECONOMYSimilarly, racism has negative impacts on the economy of US as well. Racism obtains the refusal of fundamental rights such as job opportunities, gaining education and access to financial help for group of people like African Americans which further bothers the economic growth. Such condition not only affects those black people but also the entire country or economy. Racism has been a considerable barrier for the economic progress as well as enhancement of African Americans and other such type of groups in the U.S. Such type of racial discriminations make those groups of people poorer and get treated very badly with prejudice attitude. In hurry of new research suggests that economic imbalance between black American and white Americans is far significant than members of either demographic realize — and will only grow higher, not available a concerted policy answer. According to previous week, census data uncover that average house hold income in the united states of America. Black families were still earning less than they did in the early 2000s, during last Obamas presidency.

Nuclear Bombs Essays - Nuclear Weapon Design, Actinides,

Nuclear Bombs THE FIRST DESIGN of a nuclear weapon in the United States was a gun-barrel assembly, in which two sub-critical masses of very highly enriched uranium (HEU), were brought together by normal artillery propellant in a short gun barrel into a single over-critical configuration. (Criticality defines the minimum amount of a fissionable material in a particular configuration and density capable of a self-sustaining chain reaction). The second type of fission weapon is the implosion assembly, in which a high explosive (with a much faster detonation speed than the propellant used in a gun-type weapon) compresses fissile material so that it reaches a super-critical mass. Less fissile material is required for an implosion assembly because the critical mass varies inversely as the square of density. A nuclear explosion requires an exponentially growing fission chain reaction in which a neutron causes fission, producing energy and liberating two or three neutrons, more than one of which on average goes on to cause another fission, and so on. This chain breeding of neutrons and consequent fission is terminated by the disassembly of the system caused by the rapid energy release resulting from the fission process. In both the gun-barrel and implosion-type assemblies, neutron sources were devised that would emit neutrons at the appropriate time, and rapidly enough so that the chain reaction would, with high probability, be initiated before the material disassembled mechanically at speeds similar to that with which it was assembled. In the fissionable materials used in nuclear weapons (U-235 and plutonium-239), the fission is caused mainly by fast neutrons, which travel only a distance of seven to 10 centimeters before colliding with a nucleus, so that each doubling of the neutron population occurs in about 0.01 microseconds (one-hundred millionth of a second). The power of compound interest is such that beginning with a single fission, the time required at this doubling interval to cause fission of 1 kilogram of fissionable material is the time required for 80 such doublings, or less than 1 microsecond (one millionth of a second). This corresponds to an energy release equivalent to about 17 kilotons (17,000 tons) of high explosive. The gun-type weapon used at Hiroshima, which contained approximately 60 kilograms of HEU, produced an energy release equivalent to about 15 kilotons of high explosive. The Acquisition of a Weapon The separation of U-235 from the 140-times-as-abundant isotope uranium-238 (U-238) in natural uranium is a costly and difficult process, which originally could not be counted on to provide fissile material as rapidly as was thought to be necessary in the U.S. weapon program during World War II. Accordingly, with the discovery of the new element plutonium (in particular, the Pu-239 isotope that is produced in natural-uranium nuclear reactors by the parasitic capture of neutrons by U-238), production reactors were built at Hanford, Washington. A reactor with a thermal power of 250 megawatts produces about 250 grams of plutonium per day. Approximately 6 kilograms of plutonium was used in the world's first nuclear explosion--the Trinity test conducted at Alamogordo, New Mexico, on July 16, 1945--and an identical weapon detonated over Nagasaki three days after Hiroshima. Plutonium cannot be used in a gun-assembly weapon because the components are moved too slowly. Pu-239 is accompanied by the isotope Pu-240, which has a spontaneous fission decay that injects neutrons continuously into any mass of plutonium. The relatively slow assembly of metallic blocks in a plutonium gun (measured in milliseconds) would allow time for such neutrons to start the chain reaction when the assembly is barely super-critical, leading to a much reduced yield. Thus, for the plutonium weapon, assembly is achieved through implosion, which occurs on a time scale of microseconds. In the years following 1945, innovations were made to reduce the amount of costly fissionable material needed for nuclear weapons and to improve their safety. With the initial configuration much farther from criticality, the weapon was safer against undesired nuclear explosion. Nevertheless, one could conceive of accidents in which the high explosive would detonate at one point by, for instance, the impact of a rifle bullet on the explosive or the accidental dropping of the nuclear bomb. Almost from the beginning of the U.S. program, nuclear weapons were required to be safe against such undesired nuclear explosions. For